Background bands mark who was president. They are not an attribution of cause. Presidents do not solely control these metrics. Monthly points use the president in office on the first day of the month. Calendar year points use the president in office on July 1. Fiscal year points use the president in office on October 1, the first day of that fiscal year. A fiscal year runs through the following September 30 and can include two presidents.

Receipts

Units: percent of GDP. Share of GDP. fiscal year.

Table 1.2 - SUMMARY OF RECEIPTS, OUTLAYS, AND SURPLUSES OR DEFICITS ( - ) AS PERCENTAGES OF GDP: 1930 - 2025

Source: Office of Management and Budget, Table 1.2 - SUMMARY OF RECEIPTS, OUTLAYS, AND SURPLUSES OR DEFICITS ( - ) AS PERCENTAGES OF GDP: 1930 - 2025. Retrieved 2026-10-19. Series: www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/hist01z2_fy2027.xlsx

Outlays

Units: percent of GDP. Share of GDP. fiscal year.

Table 1.2 - SUMMARY OF RECEIPTS, OUTLAYS, AND SURPLUSES OR DEFICITS ( - ) AS PERCENTAGES OF GDP: 1930 - 2025

Source: Office of Management and Budget, Table 1.2 - SUMMARY OF RECEIPTS, OUTLAYS, AND SURPLUSES OR DEFICITS ( - ) AS PERCENTAGES OF GDP: 1930 - 2025. Retrieved 2026-10-19. Series: www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/hist01z2_fy2027.xlsx

Surplus or Deficit (-)

Units: percent of GDP. Share of GDP. fiscal year.

Table 1.2 - SUMMARY OF RECEIPTS, OUTLAYS, AND SURPLUSES OR DEFICITS ( - ) AS PERCENTAGES OF GDP: 1930 - 2025

Source: Office of Management and Budget, Table 1.2 - SUMMARY OF RECEIPTS, OUTLAYS, AND SURPLUSES OR DEFICITS ( - ) AS PERCENTAGES OF GDP: 1930 - 2025. Retrieved 2026-10-19. Series: www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/hist01z2_fy2027.xlsx